妊娠糖尿病母亲血清视黄醇结合蛋白4水平与巨大儿发生率的相关性研究

目的:探讨妊娠糖尿病(GDM)母亲血清视黄醇结合蛋白4(RBP4)水平与巨大儿(MS)发生率的相关性。方法:随机选取2011年6月至2014年7月在我院住院的500例产妇,其中46例GDM产妇(研究组),分娩巨大儿(体重4000g)16例,正常体重儿30例;糖耐量正常(NGT)产妇454例(对照组),分娩巨大儿37例,正常体重儿417例。采用ELISA法检测患者血清RBP4水平。分析RBP4与GDM及巨大儿发生率之间的相关性。结果:研究组的巨大儿发生率高于对照组26.7%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组正常体重儿产妇及对照组巨大儿产妇血清RBP4水平均高于对照组正常儿产妇,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组中巨大儿产妇的血清RBP4水平高于正常体重儿产妇,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。血清RBP4水平是分娩巨大儿的危险因素,呈正相关(P=0.000)。结论:GDM巨大儿发生率高于正常产妇;RBP4是巨大儿发生率高的影响因素之一,与巨大儿发生率呈正相关关系。     

Meta-Analysis of Saturated Fatty Acid Intake and Breast Cancer Risk

The associations between saturated fatty acid (SFA) consumption and risk of breast cancer (BC) remains inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to determine the quantitative relations between dietary SFA intake and incidence of BC.Literatures published up to April 2015 were systematically screened through Pubmed and Web of Science. Relevant publication quality was evaluated by conducting the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. We used fixed effects models or random effect models to calculate the summary relative risks (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs), and conducted sensitivity analyses and evaluated the publication bias.We identified a total of 52 studies (24 cohort studies and 28 case–control studies), with over 50,000 females diagnosed with BC. The associations between dietary SFA intake and risk of BC were 1.18 for case–control studies (high vs low intake, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–1.34) and 1.04 for cohort studies (95% CI = 0.97–1.11). When restricted analyses to population-based studies, positive associations were observed for both cohort (RR [95% CI] = 1.11 [1.01–1.21]) and case–control studies (OR [95% CI] = 1.26 [1.03–1.53]). Additionally, for case–control studies, significant positive associations between higher SFA intake and BC risk were observed for Asian (OR [95% CI] = 1.17 [1.02–1.34]) and Caucasian (OR [95% CI] = 1.19 [1.00–1.41]), as well as for postmenopausal women (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02–1.73). In contrast, higher dietary SFA intake was not associated with risk of BC among premenopausal women, in cohort studies or hospital-based studies.A positive association between higher dietary SFA intake and postmenopausal BC risk was observed in case–control but not in cohort studies. More studies are warranted to confirm these findings.     

Analysis of therapeutic methods for treating vocal process granulomas

Conclusion: The combination of laryngeal microsurgery and local injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) can increase the cure rate of patients with vocal process granulomas (VPGs). Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effects of conservative treatments, microsurgical resection with suturing and microsurgery in combination with local injections of BTA for the treatment of VPGs. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 168 cases of VPG was performed. All of the patients initially received a conservative treatment. Some of the patients who did not respond to the conservative treatments were treated using microsurgical resection and microsuturing using an 8-0 absorbable filament. Other patients additionally received a four-point injection of BTA into the thyroarytenoid muscle and the arytenoid muscle on the operated side. Results: The lesions of 41.3% (71/168) of the patients who were given the conservative treatments (including acid suppression, vocal rest, and voice therapy) disappeared, and the lesions of 10.7% (18/168) of the patients were reduced. The conservative treatments were unsuccessful for 47% (79/168) of the patients. The cure rate was 78.4% (29/37) for the patients who were treated by microscope resection using a CO₂ laser and microsuturing of the surrounding mucosa. Of the eight patients who experienced a recurrence, five of them had lesions that disappeared after 3 months of conservative treatment, whereas the other three patients recovered after a second operation. The cure rate of the 42 patients who were treated using microsurgery combined with local injections of BTA was 95.2% (40/42), with only 2 cases of recurrence at 2 months post-treatment.     

扩张后背阔肌肌皮瓣在乳房区瘢痕挛缩修复中的临床应用

目的探讨应用扩张后背阔肌肌皮瓣修复乳房区瘢痕挛缩的临床疗效。方法 2010年7月—2015年7月收治乳房区瘢痕挛缩患者14例,全部患者Ⅰ期均行同侧背阔肌下置入皮肤软组织扩张器,Ⅱ期部分切除并松解乳房区瘢痕,应用扩张后背阔肌肌皮瓣覆盖遗留创面,供瓣区直接拉拢缝合。结果 14例患者中,乳房区瘢痕挛缩均得到充分松解修复,术后切口Ⅰ期愈合,肌皮瓣未发生血运障碍,因用于修复的组织量充足,所有病例均取得满意的外形效果。结论扩张后背阔肌肌皮瓣是治疗乳房区瘢痕挛缩安全有效的方法。